{"id":16448,"date":"2025-04-01T09:43:50","date_gmt":"2025-04-01T02:43:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/base.vn\/blog\/?p=16448"},"modified":"2025-05-05T15:16:21","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T08:16:21","slug":"iot-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/base.vn\/blog\/iot-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Internet of Things (IoT) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean s\u1ed1, khi m\u1ecdi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb xung quanh ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n, Internet of Things (IoT)<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 nh\u1ea5t. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a, IoT kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p. V\u1eady IoT l\u00e0 g\u00ec, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ra sao?<\/strong> H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng Base.vn<\/a> kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. IoT l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

IoT<\/strong> l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cInternet of Things\u201d<\/strong>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Internet v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi internet, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu th\u1eadp, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng quen thu\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, m\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u1ee5i, chu\u00f4ng c\u1eeda, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i; m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe; c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng;… Hay n\u00f3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, Internet v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u201cv\u1ea1n v\u1eadt\u201d v\u1edbi internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y m\u00f3c. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"IoT<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

2. IoT xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb bao gi\u1edd? Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Internet v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

IoT \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3 d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 PC, smartphone hay laptop. Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi internet, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thu th\u1eadp, truy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec3m qua nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a IoT:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 N\u0103m 1990<\/strong>: K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m John Romkey k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e1nh m\u00ec v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh qua internet, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb xa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 N\u0103m 1999<\/strong>: Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Kevin Ashton<\/a> gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cInternet of Things\u201d trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 RFID (Radio Frequency Identification \u2013 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn) \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u201ccha \u0111\u1ebb\u201d c\u1ee7a IoT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 N\u0103m 2000<\/strong>: H\u00e3ng LG ra m\u1eaft chi\u1ebfc t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 20.000 USD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 N\u0103m 2008<\/strong>: H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 IoT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Zurich, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 N\u0103m 2009: <\/strong>Theo Cisco, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Internet v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 N\u0103m 2013<\/strong>: Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cInternet of Things\u201d ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Oxford.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 N\u0103m 2020<\/strong>: S\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ed1c 20 t\u1ef7. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a IoT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 IoT ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1eefng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong IoT?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

IoT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho IoT:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 \u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (Cloud Computing)<\/a>:<\/strong> L\u00e0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 do c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT t\u1ea1o ra. C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng IoT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn (Big Data Analytics)<\/a>: <\/strong>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 do c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT t\u1ea1o ra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (ML), c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0:<\/strong> Khi IoT ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda an ninh m\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng gia t\u0103ng. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u IoT kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 \u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean (Edge Computing): <\/strong>Thay v\u00ec g\u1eedi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 trung t\u00e2m x\u1eed l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean cho ph\u00e9p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng minh t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ngay t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IoT.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"C\u00f4ng<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam:<\/strong> C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng AI trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IoT<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IoT (Internet of Things) bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (Things):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111eo, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng,\u2026 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IoT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Tr\u1ea1m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (Gateways):<\/strong> Gi\u00fap k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng Internet, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi truy\u1ec1n \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 H\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (Network & Cloud):<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, gi\u00fap truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Services & Solutions):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1edbp x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (ML), \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng tin gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng minh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (User Interface \u2013 UI):<\/strong> L\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT t\u1eeb xa, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean website hay \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp, truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng minh, ph\u1ee5c cho nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, kinh doanh, v.v\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"C\u1ea5u<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

5. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IoT ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

5.1 Quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u201cm\u1eaft\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ctai\u201d c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ta can thi\u1ec7p. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra qua 4 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1: Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 video gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2: Truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i qua m\u1ea1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c ri\u00eang t\u01b0 (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u2013 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u2013 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb), ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ea1ng IoT (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u2013 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb). Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay t\u1ea1i bi\u00ean (Edge Computing) thay v\u00ec truy\u1ec1n \u0111i xa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3: X\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 theo l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu camera gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c g\u1eedi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (app) tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00f2i b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 4: Ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IoT s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IoT c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i theo thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.2 V\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n IoT th\u00f4ng minh trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n th\u00f4ng minh t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n