{"id":18186,"date":"2025-06-18T15:27:25","date_gmt":"2025-06-18T08:27:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/base.vn\/blog\/?p=18186"},"modified":"2025-06-20T13:56:41","modified_gmt":"2025-06-20T06:56:41","slug":"data-lake","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/base.vn\/blog\/data-lake\/","title":{"rendered":"Data lake l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u h\u1ed3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u00e0nh cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Data lake l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef linh ho\u1ea1t, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. V\u1eady data lake l\u00e0 g\u00ec, mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd g\u00ec khi tri\u1ec3n khai hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3? Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, Base.vn<\/a> s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 data lake v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Data lake l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Data lake<\/strong> hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “h\u1ed3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong>“, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1eadp trung cho ph\u00e9p doanh nghi\u1ec7p thu th\u1eadp, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1edf d\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac,  m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc hay \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, data lake gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"Data<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

1.2 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a data lake<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 (ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970) v\u00e0 kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980) \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i CNTT c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p, tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a Internet, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, nh\u01b0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n hay h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc c\u00f9ng chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao, c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 2011, James Dixon<\/a>, CTO c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a Pentaho \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m data lake. \u00d4ng xem \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Trong khi kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, th\u00ec data lake l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201ckho ch\u1ee9a kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3\u201d t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf d\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n t\u1eeb h\u1ed3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo nhu c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng data lake \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Apache Hadoop – m\u1ed9t framework m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 (on-premise), nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf khi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng nhanh. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi: di chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ed3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (object storage) tr\u00ean cloud v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, data lake v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, danh m\u1ee5c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd metadata.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t data lake v\u00e0 data warehouse<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Data lake v\u00e0 data warehouse<\/a> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cho nhau. Data Lake c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201ch\u1ed3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u201d kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4, ch\u01b0a qua x\u1eed l\u00fd, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f2n m\u1edf v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, data warehouse l\u00e0 kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"Data<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4i khi hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hai m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec3m chung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n duy nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh lai data lakehouse<\/strong> l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai – kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a data lake, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a data warehouse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa data lake v\u00e0 data warehouse trong b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>Data lake<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>Data warehouse<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
D\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/td>L\u01b0u tr\u1eef to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t lo\u1ea1i hay m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/td>T\u1eadp trung l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/td><\/tr>
M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, ch\u01b0a qua x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/td>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd, chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/td><\/tr>
\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng: c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/td>Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3ng.<\/td><\/tr>
M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>Linh ho\u1ea1t cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u…<\/td>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh doanh.<\/td><\/tr>
T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/td>D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo nhu c\u1ea7u.<\/td>K\u00e9m linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n do c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/td><\/tr>
\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao.<\/td>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh doanh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i.<\/td><\/tr>
Chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/td>Chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1edd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/td>Chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy xu\u1ea5t nhanh.<\/td><\/tr>
B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/td>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/td><\/tr>
Vai tr\u00f2 v\u1edbi kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p (Enterprise Data Warehouse – EDW)<\/td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho EDW.<\/td>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf EDW.<\/td><\/tr>
L\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>L\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (schema-on-read).<\/td>L\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef (schema-on-write).<\/td><\/tr>
Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi<\/td>Cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/td>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n.<\/td><\/tr>
M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng g\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ea5p.<\/td>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a data lake<\/h2>\n\n\n
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\"Ki\u1ebfn<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda tr\u00ean m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac data lake trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p. \u1ede c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng th\u1ea5p, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u0129nh, trong khi c\u00e0ng l\u00ean cao th\u00ec d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e0ng mang t\u00ednh giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng ch\u00ednh trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n