{"id":25109,"date":"2025-11-21T16:08:41","date_gmt":"2025-11-21T09:08:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/base.vn\/blog\/?p=25109"},"modified":"2025-11-25T14:40:52","modified_gmt":"2025-11-25T07:40:52","slug":"quan-he-san-xuat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/base.vn\/blog\/quan-he-san-xuat\/","title":{"rendered":"Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0o, c\u00e1ch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong> ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y Base.vn<\/a> s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/em>, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh, c\u00f9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (Relations of Production)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong>, trong thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Relations of Production<\/strong>“, l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kinh t\u1ebf-x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Karl Marx, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y bao h\u00e0m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp khi tham gia v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/a>. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ph\u00e2n chia v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00f4ng ty (ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng), ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t), k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 (ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quy tr\u00ecnh), v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n (ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t). M\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2, quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Quan
Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

1.2 Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cquan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t” ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Karl Marx v\u00e0 Friedrich Engels trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m “\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u1ecdc” (1859), Marx l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n <\/strong><\/td>N\u0103m<\/strong><\/td>S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt <\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh<\/td>1845-1846<\/td>Marx v\u00e0 Engels ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng trong “\u00dd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ee9c”<\/td><\/tr>
Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/td>1859 <\/td>Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n “\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u1ecdc” <\/td><\/tr>
Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/td>1867<\/td>T\u1eadp I “T\u01b0 b\u1ea3n” ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft<\/td><\/tr>
M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/td>1885-1894<\/td>T\u1eadp II v\u00e0 III “T\u01b0 b\u1ea3n” ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Marx quan ni\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea7ng bao g\u1ed3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3 Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng giai c\u1ea5p. Khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c:<\/strong> Ai s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/a> th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c cao nh\u1ea5t trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i:<\/strong> T\u1eeb quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c giai c\u1ea5p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Vai tr\u00f2 trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

2.1 Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

2.1.1 Gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong> l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng tin, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh s\u1edf h\u1eefu <\/strong><\/td>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/td>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
T\u01b0 h\u1eefu c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/td>C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1edf h\u1eefu ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n <\/td>C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, x\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/td><\/tr>
T\u01b0 h\u1eefu t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n<\/td>T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn<\/td>C\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n, t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111a qu\u1ed1c gia<\/td><\/tr>
C\u00f4ng h\u1eefu nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n s\u1edf h\u1eefu <\/td>Doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng<\/td><\/tr>
S\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u1eadp th\u1ec3<\/td>C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f9ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu <\/td>H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eadp th\u1ec3<\/td><\/tr>
S\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/td>To\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7<\/td>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c nhau trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. S\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng. S\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i khi thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1.2 Vai tr\u00f2, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi ph\u1ed1i, c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t (t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh) n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, trong khi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m thu\u00ea ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed9p t\u00f4. Giai c\u1ea5p s\u0129 phu (tri th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb) \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung gian, c\u00f2n th\u1ee3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n (doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng) thu l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tri th\u1ee9c h\u01b0\u1edfng thu nh\u1eadp \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1eadn l\u01b0\u01a1ng theo gi\u1edd c\u00f4ng. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua thu nh\u1eadp m\u00e0 c\u00f2n qua c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay, s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i s\u1edf h\u1eefu (nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, t\u1eadp th\u1ec3) t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp xen k\u1ebd, m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i di chuy\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"C\u00e1c
C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

2.2 Quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

2.2.1 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, quy\u1ec1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u00ec, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, khi n\u00e0o, v\u1edbi ai, v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 ra sao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung:<\/strong> M\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a t\u1eadp trung<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n:<\/strong> \u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– T\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tham gia quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ma tr\u1eadn:<\/strong> K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u tuy\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 huy, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So s\u00e1nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7: Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, quy tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft cao, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2.2 C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tham gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. M\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i-kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ri\u00eang nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/td>C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c <\/strong><\/td>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Phong ki\u1ebfn<\/td>Ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t<\/td>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 – n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n <\/td>\u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7<\/td><\/tr>
T\u01b0 b\u1ea3n<\/td>Ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng theo v\u1ed1n <\/td>Ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n – c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n<\/td>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/td><\/tr>
X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a <\/td>D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1eadp trung <\/td>T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 – c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/td>C\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m linh ho\u1ea1t<\/td><\/tr>
Kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\u0110a d\u1ea1ng linh ho\u1ea1t<\/td>C\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111a chi\u1ec1u<\/td>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1eb3ng h\u00f3a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, trao quy\u1ec1n cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea1nh tranh then ch\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.3 Quan h\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

2.3.1 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong> l\u00e0 kh\u00e2u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong chu\u1ed7i quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Theo lao \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p, nh\u1eb1m khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Theo t\u01b0 h\u1eefu:<\/strong> Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i theo quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Theo nhu c\u1ea7u:<\/strong> Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i theo nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Theo \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p:<\/strong> K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 v\u1ed1n, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, r\u1ee7i ro<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i phong ki\u1ebfn, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu theo \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u1ed9p t\u00f4 ru\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i theo th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n: c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u1eadn l\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n gia nh\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u00ec h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i theo lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.3.2 \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft, trong khi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i thi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/strong><\/td>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/td>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Theo lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng<\/td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ch quan<\/td><\/tr>
Theo t\u01b0 h\u1eefu <\/td>Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi<\/td>Gia t\u0103ng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/td><\/tr>
Theo nhu c\u1ea7u<\/td>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an sinh, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft<\/td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh<\/td><\/tr>
K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<\/td>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3-c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng<\/td>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 Google, Apple th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111a t\u1ea7ng: l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o sinh ho\u1ea1t, th\u01b0\u1edfng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p, v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Vai tr\u00f2, \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

3.1 T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac giai c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac giai c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. V\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac giai c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh hai giai c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n – v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n) m\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp<\/strong><\/td>Quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n<\/td>S\u1edf h\u1eefu quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn<\/td>Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/td><\/tr>
T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/td>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thay m\u1eb7t ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/td>\u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/td><\/tr>
T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp chuy\u00ean gia<\/td>S\u1edf h\u1eefu tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n<\/td>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, thu nh\u1eadp cao<\/td><\/tr>
T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>Thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u01a1ng, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/td><\/tr>
T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/td>Cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/td>Thu nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, trong khi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.2 \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, trong khi nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n