{"id":26690,"date":"2026-01-05T10:11:29","date_gmt":"2026-01-05T03:11:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/base.vn\/blog\/?p=26690"},"modified":"2026-01-05T10:31:08","modified_gmt":"2026-01-05T03:31:08","slug":"bom-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/base.vn\/blog\/bom-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"BOM l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, BOM hay Bill of Materials \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Base.vn<\/a> s\u1ebd gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 BOM l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd BOM m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. BOM l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea1o sao doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu BOM?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

BOM<\/strong> l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Bill of Materials<\/strong>, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. BOM bao g\u1ed3m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m, linh ki\u1ec7n, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, k\u00e8m theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, quy c\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1eafp r\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung BOM nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khi n\u1ea5u \u0103n c\u1ea7n ghi r\u00f5 t\u1eebng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7, BOM cho bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau r\u00f5 danh s\u00e1ch v\u1eadt t\u01b0, BOM c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, BOM gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e2u then ch\u1ed1t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– V\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch,<\/strong> BOM l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c. Khi bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho m\u1ed7i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– V\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thu mua,<\/strong> d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean BOM, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1eadt t\u01b0 \u0111\u00fang s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/a> ho\u1eb7c mua d\u01b0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed3n kho l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– V\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb,<\/strong> BOM l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed, bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– V\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa,<\/strong> BOM h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tra c\u1ee9u nhanh ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 BOM ho\u1eb7c BOM kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n, r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1t sinh r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai s\u1ed1 t\u00edch l\u0169y. T\u1ed3n kho th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u1ec7ch so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00ec d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh khi m\u1ed7i l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha tr\u1ed9n ho\u1eb7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. R\u1ee7i ro d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n do thi\u1ebfu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh ngo\u00e0i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"BOM
BOM l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Ba v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 BOM sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta h\u00ecnh dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/strong><\/td>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh trong BOM<\/strong><\/td>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Xe \u0111\u1ea1p th\u1ec3 thao<\/td>Khung xe nh\u00f4m, b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng Shimano 21 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, b\u00e1nh xe 26 inch, y\u00ean da, tay l\u00e1i th\u1ec3 thao, b\u1ed9 phanh \u0111\u0129a<\/td>1 b\u1ed9\/xe <\/td><\/tr>
B\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7<\/td>M\u1eb7t b\u00e0n g\u1ed7 MDF ph\u1ee7 Melamine 120x60cm, 4 ch\u00e2n g\u1ed7 cao su 70cm, 12 \u1ed1c v\u00edt M6, 4 ke g\u00f3c s\u1eaft, s\u01a1n b\u00f3ng PU<\/td>1 b\u1ed9\/b\u00e0n<\/td><\/tr>
B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng <\/td>Mainboard H610, CPU Intel i5-12400F, RAM 16GB DDR4, SSD 512GB, ngu\u1ed3n 550W, case mid-tower, qu\u1ea1t t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>1 b\u1ed9\/m\u00e1y<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y BOM kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tr\u01a1n tru v\u00e0 b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu gi\u00fap c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ban nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, thu mua, kho v\u1eadn, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam:<\/strong> MPS l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t BOM chu\u1ea9n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, BOM kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea v\u1eadt t\u01b0 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, logic \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. M\u1ed9t BOM chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0: m\u00e3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m (finished goods code), phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (product version), danh s\u00e1ch v\u1eadt t\u01b0 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u1eeb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, thu mua \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e9t theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft, BOM th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh: BOM \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 BOM \u0111a c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BOM \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ea5p (single-level BOM) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt t\u01b0 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t. D\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf g\u1ed7 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n li\u1ec7t k\u00ea m\u1eb7t gh\u1ebf, t\u1ef1a l\u01b0ng, b\u1ed1n ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1ed1c v\u00edt, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee5m l\u1eafp r\u00e1p trung gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng BOM \u0111a c\u1ea5p (multi-level BOM). BOM \u0111a c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u1ede c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t (level 0) l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. \u1ede c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe m\u00e1y: c\u1ea5p 0 l\u00e0 xe m\u00e1y ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. C\u1ea5p 1 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, khung xe, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh. Ri\u00eang c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u1edf c\u1ea5p 1 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f3c t\u00e1ch xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p 2 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft nh\u01b0 piston, tr\u1ee5c khu\u1ef7u, xy lanh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: linh ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp th\u00e0nh b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m, c\u00e1c b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m gh\u00e9p th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5m l\u1edbn, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft trong BOM quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. M\u00e3 linh ki\u1ec7n (part number) c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t kho. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (technical description) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 t\u1eebng v\u1eadt t\u01b0. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, thay v\u00ec ghi chung chung l\u00e0 \u201c\u1ed1c v\u00edt\u201d, BOM chu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd ghi r\u00f5 \u201c\u1ed0c v\u00edt \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c M8x50, th\u00e9p carbon m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm tr\u1eafng, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN 931\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c hao h\u1ee5t v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m (scrap rate). Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n 100%. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt, gia c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra hao h\u1ee5t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi c\u1eaft t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 85% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u. BOM ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ee7 nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t, tr\u00e1nh thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, BOM c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng (lead time)<\/a> v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 chu\u1ea9n. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, BOM kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thu mua v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. BOM th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n BOM, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ghi ch\u00fa r\u00f5 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c (effective date) v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y k\u1ebft th\u00fac (end date) theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"C\u1ea5u
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t BOM chu\u1ea9n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda m\u1eabu BOM cho m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e3 NVL<\/strong><\/td>T\u00ean nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/td>Quy c\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/td>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/td>\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/strong><\/td>Ghi ch\u00fa l\u1eafp r\u00e1p<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
MDF-001<\/td>M\u1eb7t b\u00e0n MDF ph\u1ee7 Melamine|<\/td>1200x600x18mm, m\u00e0u v\u00e2n s\u1ed3i<\/td>1<\/td>t\u1ea5m<\/td>L\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh <\/td><\/tr>
LEG-002 <\/td>Ch\u00e2n b\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 c\u00e2y cao su <\/td>Ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n 60x60mm, d\u00e0i 720mm<\/td>4<\/td>c\u00e1i<\/td>L\u1eafp 4 g\u00f3c m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n<\/td><\/tr>
SCR-008<\/td>\u1ed0c v\u00edt \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c<\/td>M6x40, th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm<\/td>16<\/td>c\u00e1i<\/td>4 \u1ed1c\/ch\u00e2n, l\u1eafp v\u1edbi ke g\u00f3c<\/td><\/tr>
BRK-015<\/td>Ke g\u00f3c s\u1eaft ch\u1eef L<\/td>50x50x3mm, s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111en<\/td>4<\/td>c\u00e1i<\/td>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eefng ch\u00e2n<\/td><\/tr>
GLU-003 <\/td>Keo g\u1ed7 D3<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n n\u01b0\u1edbc cao<\/td>50<\/td>gram<\/td>T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i<\/td><\/tr>
SAN-020<\/td>Gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m P150<\/td>D\u00f9ng cho g\u1ed7<\/td>0.2<\/td>t\u1edd<\/td>M\u00e0i nh\u1eb5n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p<\/td><\/tr>
VAR-012<\/td>S\u01a1n PU b\u00f3ng trong su\u1ed1t<\/td>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u1ed7<\/td>80<\/td>ml<\/td>Ph\u1ee7 ch\u00e2n b\u00e0n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh BOM \u0111a c\u1ea5p cho chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea5p 0: B\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh (1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– C\u1ea5p 1.1: C\u1ee5m m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n (1 b\u1ed9)<\/p>\n\n\n\n