{"id":26821,"date":"2026-01-07T11:12:30","date_gmt":"2026-01-07T04:12:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/base.vn\/blog\/?p=26821"},"modified":"2026-01-07T13:40:15","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T06:40:15","slug":"tpm-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/base.vn\/blog\/tpm-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"TPM l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

TPM l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng TPM? Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb TPM m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Base.vn<\/a> gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p trong n\u1ed9i dung sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. TPM l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 TPM<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

TPM<\/strong> l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Total Productive Maintenance<\/strong>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ea3o tr\u00ec n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/strong>\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p khai th\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Trong TPM, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1eef cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec1u \u201c\u0111\u1ea9y\u201d cho ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, TPM khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 tham gia ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a TPM kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. TPM d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"TPM
TPM l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

1.2 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a TPM<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

TPM ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960\u20131970, khi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II. Nippondenso, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty thu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Toyota, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng TPM v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1971.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Preventive Maintenance (b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba) t\u1eeb M\u1ef9, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u00e1y m\u00f3c theo l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a khai th\u00e1c h\u1ebft ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Japan Institute of Plant Maintenance (JIPM – Vi\u1ec7n B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n), TPM d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi 8 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t. Toyota l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng TPM r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 40\u201350% v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, TPM tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Toyota Production System (TPS \u2013 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Toyota) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3 S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa TPM v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 s\u1eeda m\u00e1y khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfng, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch do b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m. C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, khi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u hay quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TPM \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 v\u1ec7 sinh, ki\u1ec3m tra, b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 l\u1edbn, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 x\u1eed l\u00fd khi c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eefa l\u00e0 TPM kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. TPM h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chi ph\u00ed, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 giao h\u00e0ng, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean. Trong TPM, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam:<\/strong> TQM l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a TPM: 4 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Zero<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a TPM n\u1eb1m \u1edf 4 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u201cZero\u201d, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 4 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau vi\u1ec3n v\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 kim ch\u1ec9 nam \u0111\u1ec3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1 Zero Breakdown (Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Zero Breakdown h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 d\u1eebng m\u00e1y ngo\u00e0i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. Khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec7 sinh s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd m\u00e1y m\u00f3c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m \u0111i r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng TPM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 30\u201350% th\u1eddi gian m\u00e1y d\u1eebng (downtime) ch\u1ec9 sau n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec3n khai. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 do c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch do \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. Nh\u1edd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2 Zero Defect (Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. M\u00e1y m\u00f3c b\u1ecb m\u00f2n, l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ed7i. TPM \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb lu\u00f4n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i ph\u00e1t sinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, chi ph\u00ed cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra, s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.3 Zero Waste (Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

TPM nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi d\u1ea1ng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd m\u00e1y, l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u do s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ed7i, l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, hay l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (changeover time) v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 15\u201325% chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.4 Zero Accident (Kh\u00f4ng tai n\u1ea1n)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

An to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong TPM. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TPM \u0111\u01b0a an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o t\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, khi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m, tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"M\u1ee5c
M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a TPM: 4 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Zero<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

3. 8 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a TPM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

TPM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean 8 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t, m\u1ed7i tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 ri\u00eang nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau. Khi tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.1 Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 1: B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 (Autonomous Maintenance)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a TPM. Thay v\u00ec giao to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c cho b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, TPM trao quy\u1ec1n cho ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 v\u1ec7 sinh m\u00e1y, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t bu l\u00f4ng, \u0111ai \u1ed1c. B\u1ed1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc CILT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i theo l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh 7 b\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m tra c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Khi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c m\u00ecnh \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ngay t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c quan nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 m\u00e0u, nh\u00e3n c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.2 Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 2: B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (Planned Maintenance)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch bao g\u1ed3m 2 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh: b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec theo l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec theo t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec theo t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn rung, \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1ea7u b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m linh ki\u1ec7n s\u1eafp h\u1ecfng v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, thay v\u00ec thay qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecfng r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi s\u1eeda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1o n\u00ean 2 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp x\u1eed l\u00fd chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.3 Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 3: C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m (Focused Improvement)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian m\u00e1y d\u1eebng, m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y ch\u1eadm, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ed7i \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Kaizen (c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c)<\/a> c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u01b0 5 Why (h\u1ecfi 5 l\u1ea7n \u201ct\u1ea1i sao\u201d), s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1 (Fishbone) v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Pareto (x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi t\u00ecm ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5, nh\u00f3m c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ebd th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trong to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.4 Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 4: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Quality Maintenance)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong TPM kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb lu\u00f4n t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (quality checkpoints), theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ed7i, TPM y\u00eau c\u1ea7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i truy ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c \u201cb\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d, nh\u1eb1m ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.5 Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 5: Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o (Training and Education)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

TPM ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00e2u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong TPM kh\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ngay t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp nh\u00f3m ng\u1eafn h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao tay ngh\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 g\u1eafn b\u00f3. Khi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.6 Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 6: An to\u00e0n, v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (Safety, Health, Environment)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng TPM \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7t an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng, s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 tai n\u1ea1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 hay m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 5S<\/a> (S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, S\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, S\u0103n s\u00f3c, S\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng). Khi khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.7 Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 7: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (TPM in Administration)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

TPM kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng sang c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, thu mua hay kho v\u1eadn. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed trong quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thu mua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7t mua ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o linh ki\u1ec7n lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng khi c\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n kho qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u quy tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi cung \u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng TPM. Khi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tr\u01a1n tru, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.8 Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 8: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u (Early Equipment Management)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a t\u01b0 duy TPM v\u00e0o ngay t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, thu mua v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 mua ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, d\u1ec5 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i cho nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ti\u1ebfp theo, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"8
8 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a TPM<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

4. L\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng TPM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

4.1 T\u0103ng OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness \u2013 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

OEE<\/a> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tri\u1ec3n khai TPM. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh OEE:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

OEE = T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng (Availability) \u00d7 T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t (Performance) \u00d7 T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra (Quality)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n